The cold water from the bottom of the storage tank is pumped up to the insulated manifold of the solar collector, which passes through the heat exchanger. It absorbs the heat and is returned back to the storage tank.

The controller measures the differential temperature between the water supply from the bottom of the tank and the water return from the collector to maintain the set temperature within the storage tank.

The circulating pump operates intermittently throughout the day to maintain maximum hot water output and minimise energy consumption.